UN
chief urges world leaders to answer demands of their people for dignity,
development
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon
addresses the General
Assembly's 68th sesssion.
24 September 2013 – Declaring that
“leadership makes the difference,” United Nations Secretary-General
Ban Ki-moon today urged heads of State and Government gathered in New York to
“hear the call of history” and, through hard work, commitment and integrity,
answer the just demands of their people for human dignity and sustainable
development.
“We come together not to preserve
the status quo, but to drive our world forward,” said Mr. Ban, delivering his
annual report on the work of the Organization and challenging Member States to
take bold steps and work together to tackle a host of concerns – from crafting
a post-2015 sustainability agenda, to agreeing on a new climate change regime
and bringing parties in Syria to the negotiating table to end nearly three
years of bloodshed.
“In the streets and squares across
the world, people are pressing those in power. They want you, the world’s
leaders, to listen. They want to know that we are doing all it takes to secure
a life of dignity for all,” said the UN chief, ahead of the General Debate of
the General Assembly’s 68th session.
While noting that the current era
was one of wondrous opportunity, he said that the pressures on the planet and
people are building. Young people are without jobs; the world’s climate is
warming; and scattered conflicts remained unresolved. “Events are moving with
21st century speed, often outpacing the efforts of institutions and systems
built for another age,” said Mr. Ban.
For more than a decade, the end of
the year 2015 has been on the horizon. “What once seemed a distant moment is
now just around the corner. It is the year by which the world has pledged to
achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs),”
and in which the international community will adopt a new development agenda.
It is also the year in which stakeholders have agreed to complete a global
legal agreement on climate change.
“2015 is a historic opportunity,” he
said, noting that the MDGs captured the imagination, generated remarkable gains
and beat back doubts about development itself. “Yet on some goals, we lag
badly,” he said, noting that inequality is growing, and too many people face
exploitation – from the fields to the factory floor.
“A new development agenda must be as
inspiring as the MDGs, but it must go further,” the UN chief declared, urging a
universal framework with ending poverty as a top priority, sustainable
development at its core and governance as its glue. It must find expression in
a single set of goals and the three dimensions of sustainable development must
be treated equally: there must be no deferring the environment or social
injustice until later, once economic growth is ensured.
Moreover, the rights of women and
girls must be at the heart of all such efforts, he continued, calling for the
21st century to be the century of women.
Turning to climate change, the
Secretary-General said the impacts of the phenomenon “threaten all our
development gains.” Indeed, the rising human and economic toll affects
everyone, with the world’s poorest and most vulnerable people harmed “first and
worst.”
Nevertheless, while the planet and
its scientists were sending a clear message, “there is opportunity amid this
peril,” and he invited all delegations to attend a climate summit in New York
at this time next year to identify ways to “change the way we do business, plan
our cities, fuel our homes and factories, and move our goods and ourselves.”
He challenged Member States to bring
bold pledges to the summit that will help close the “emissions gap” and put the
world on track for an ambitious legal agreement through the UN Climate Change
Convention framework. “Let us seize the 2015 challenge: a final push for the
MDGs, new direction on energy and climate and an inspiring new development
framework,” he declared.
Turning next to what he called the
“biggest peace and security crisis in the world,” Mr. Ban said the crisis in
Syria, where well over 100, 000 people have been killed and over 7 million have
fled their homes, has destabilized the Middle East. “We have seen the worst
chemical weapons attack on civilians in a quarter century,” he said, also
underscoring that a “lost generation” of young people now filled refugee camps.
“We face a moment of reckoning. The
Syrian Government must fully and quickly honour the obligations it has assumed
in acceding to the Chemical Weapons Convention,” he declared, adding that the
international community must bring to justice the perpetrators of chemical
weapons use, and, with equal determination, ensure the safeguarding and
destruction of Syria’s chemical weapons stockpiles and programmes.
At the same time, he stressed that
the majority of the killings and atrocities in the country had been wrought by
conventional weapons and he appealed to all States to stop fuelling the
bloodshed and to end the arms flows to all parties.
“I look forward to the imminent
adoption of an enforceable Security Council resolution on chemical weapons,”
the UN chief said, which should be followed up immediately by humanitarian
action. In that context, UN human rights monitors could play a more useful role
in reporting and deterring further violations.
“I call on the Syrian Government and
the opposition to uphold their obligations under international humanitarian and
human rights law,” he said, urging them to lift all obstacles to humanitarian
access and end the “unconscionable” targeting of medical facilities and
personnel.
Full accountability for serious
international crimes is also vital, Mr. Ban continued, noting such steps as
referral to the International Criminal Court (ICC) or through other means consistent with
international law.
“The response to the heinous use of
chemical weapons has created diplomatic momentum – the first signs of unity in
far too long. Now we must build on it to get the parties to the negotiating
table,” he said, as the only answer is a political settlement.
In that context, he appealed to the
Syrian Government and the opposition – and all those in the Assembly hall with
influence over the parties – to make the so-called “Geneva II” conference a
reality. “It is time to end the killing and to reach the peace the Syrian
people need and deserve,” he said.
The Secretary-General went on to
note that the historic transitions in the Middle East and North Africa have
stumbled or slowed, and that springs of opportunity are giving way to winters
of disillusionment. Yet, amid immense challenges, the story of the region was
still being written, and he urged the international community to seize
potential openings and respond to declarations of good will.
He welcomed the re-engagement of
Israelis and Palestinians in direct negotiations, “and the bold diplomacy that
made this possible.” He urged the parties to show leadership on the ground and
noted that the diplomatic Quartet on the Middle East peace process will meet on
the margins of the General Debate later in the week to lend its support.
Turning to Africa, where he saw the
continent’s people writing new chapters of dynamism, democracy and sustained,
impressive economic growth, Mr. Ban noted that while political progress in
Somalia and the new framework for hope in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
(DRC) “are gains to build on,” misery and volatility still haunted the Sahel
region.
Further, there was had been a
breakdown in law and order in the Central African Republic (CAR) and while
millions of people were suffering there, the UN humanitarian appeal was
“woefully underfunded.”
And in just the past week, in
appalling attacks in Kenya, Pakistan and Iraq, the international community had
been reminded of the ability of terrorists to wreak havoc.
“Throughout the world we see again
the centrality of human rights and the rule of law as foundations of stability
and coexistence,” he said, and in that context urged Member States to reinforce
their commitment to the ICC and made a special appeal on behalf of the
Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, which faced a “deep and
chronic” funding shortage that had now put its very survival in question.
As for human rights, he said the
inability of Member States and the UN to prevent and end large-scale rights
violations “has had disastrous consequences.” An internal review of UN action
in Sri Lanka identified systemic failure: Member States did not provide the
Organization with support to meet the tasks they themselves had set, and the UN
system did not adapt properly or deliver fully.
Recalling that 2013 is the twentieth
anniversary of the Vienna Declaration on human rights, the Secretary-General
pledged to do more to help Member States reach early consensus to prevent
large-scale rights violations. He added that he was implementing
recommendations to ensure that the UN system upholds its responsibilities under
the Charter.
“There will be little peace or
enjoyment of human rights unless we confront a world awash in deadly weapons,”
he said, hailing the adoption earlier this year of the Arms Trade Treaty. At
the same time, nuclear disarmament was languishing and deadly weapons were
proliferating. The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) was still not
if force and small arms continued to kill and maim. And, at a time of pressing
human need, “spending on weapons remains absurdly high,” he said, urging the
gathered leaders to “get our priorities right and invest in people instead of
wasting billions on deadly weapons.”
“You can be the [leaders] who
preside over the end of poverty, give voice to the will of the people and usher
in an era of sustainable development and lasting peace,” the Secretary-General
said, urging delegations to “embrace the logic of our times” and seek even
deeper cooperation on finding new ways of governing, partnering and
problem-solving.
“Let us empower the United Nations
to be more than a first responder or a last resort,” he said, adding that while
change is inevitable, progress is not. “Leadership makes the difference,” he
stressed.
“You in your home countries and we
here together are at a privileged pinnacle. We must prove ourselves fit for
purpose. We must listen to the demands of the world’s peoples and heed the call
of history. We speak often of hope. Our duty is to turn hope into action,
through hard work, commitment, skill and integrity. With passion, but most of
all compassion, we can build the future your people want and that our world
needs.”
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